Improvement in railroad-car-axle lathes



2 Sheets--Sheet L GEORGE A. GRAY, Jr Improvement in Railroad Car-AxleLathes. No. 114,670.

Patented May 9,1871.

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wmmu/ GEORGE A. GRAY, Jr. Improvement in Railroad Car-Axle Lathes. No.114,670, Patented May 9,1871.

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GEORGE A. GRAY, JR., OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

Letters Patent at. 114,670, dated May 9,1871.

IMPROVEMENT m RAlLR OAD-CAR-AX LE LAT HEs.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, Gnoaen A. GRAY, Jr., of Cincinnati, Hamilton county,State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inLathes for Turning Railroad-Oar Axles; and I hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear and exact description thereof, referencebeing bad to the accompanying drawing making part of this specification.

Nature and Objects of Invention.

My invention relates to the form of axle-lathe having a dead center ateach end, the axle being revolved by direct connection with the drivingmechan ism; and

It consists- First,.in a peculiardevice for so governing and op-Description of the Accompanying Drawing.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an axle-lathe embodying my-invention.

Figure 2 is an' end view of the same. Figure 3 is an axial sectionthrough the drivinghead, which surrounds the axle.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the driving-dog.

Figure 5 is a plan of the lathe-shears and carriage, showing the devicefor operating the tool-rest.

Figure 6 is across-section of a portion of the shears, showing how thedevice which operates the tool-rest is connected with the shears. Figure7 is a perspective view of the tool-stock, showing the mannerofconnecting the pad thereto.

General Description.

The lathe-bed A is fitted with two sliding blocks, B B, which carry thedead centers 0 0', upon which 4 the axle D revolves.

This hollow shaft or box J is constructed with a spur-gear wheel, K,outside of thejournal.

Upon the face of this wheel a plate, L, is fitted, which forms a part ofthe driving-dog, the other part, M, being secured, as shown, to theaxle.

Pins or studs, N, project from the plate to form a driving connectionwith the arms m m of the dog M.

The plate L is constructed with slotted or elongated holes, P, throughwhich the bolts Q pass, which secure the plate to the shaft J.

The bolts Q are shouldered bolts, as shown in dotted lines in fig. 3, inorder that they may be screwed home without bringing the heads q tooclose to permit the free oscillation of the plate L in the slots P.

The oscillation of the plate L in the; slots Pin the operation of thelathe serves to enable the studs or pins N to press with equal forceupon the arms m m, no matter how the part M may be adjusted upon theaxle, and to compensate, by sliding backward and for-- ward, inturninground for any inaccuracies in the adjustment of theceuter of the shaft Jwith relation to the centers 0 O of the lathe.

Thus it will be seen that the axle cannot be sprung out of line byone-sided pressureupon the dog M at any point in the revolution of theaxle or lathe.

The axle is driven by pinion It and shaft S, the latter being journaledin the support I and driven by suitable connections from conebelt-pulley T.

At the back of the lathe-bed, near each end, a plate,

U, is secured, which, except for a short distance, is

parallel with the bed, the exception being a'beveled or taperingportion, which is located immediately opposite to the part of 'the axlewhich is required to be turned tapering for the reception of thecar-wheel.

In the drawing the degree of taper, both on the plates U and the axle,is greatly exaggerated, in order that it may be clearly exhibited. Thedegree of ta'per necessary in practice is so slight as to show in adrawing a scarcely-perceptible divergence from a straight line.

A metallic pad, V, rests against each plate U, which connects with thetool-rests F and F by means of side rods W, cross-head X, and centralscrew Z.

The pad V is forced against the plate U so as to compel the pad tofollow the configuration of the plate U by means of coiled springs a aon the side rods W.

In the operation of the lathe, as the carriages E E are movedlongitudinally the tool-rests F F are adjusted for the straight andtapering portions automatically by the device described, and it issimply necessary, in the turning of the axle, to move the rests F F inand out by means of the screws Z and handles b for the difi erentdiameters.

The carriages E E are detachably connected to the lead=screw by means ofthe customary sliding halfnuts operated by clutch-plates G.

As it is necessary that one workman alone should operate the lathe atboth ends, it may be necessary (until the operator is suflicientlyskilled in starting one out behind the other in time and stopping ontime) to attach projections to the lathe which are stationary andadjustable, against which the clutches G strike in such a manner as toopen the nuts and thus prevent damage to the lathe by accidentaoverrunning.

Claims.

1. In the described combination with the sliding tool-

